Internal combustion engine cooling system



July 25, 1933.

w. J. SMITH INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE CObLING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 20, 19 51 I 2 Sheets-Sheet l [mien tor W /W/ 7 5 I July 25, 1933.

W. J. SMITH INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM Filed Nov. 20, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l Patented July 25, 1933 TES fPA EiNr relate INTERNAL c'oM UsTIoN-EnemE oooLInGsYsrEMj Application filed. November 20, .1931.'

The present invention relates to a cooling system for automobile engines and other gas engines and has for its primary object to provide, in a manner as hereinafter set forth; a

device of this character embody'ing'a novel constructiomcombination and arrangement parts through the mediunr of wh ch damage to the radiator or to the engine block orh'ead 1 of the automobile or other gas engines due to the freezing of the liquid in. the cooling system Will be prevented.

Another important object of the invention is to provide a radiator comprising a novel e construction andarrangement whereby the likelihood of the cooling liquid in said radiator beingfrozen is materially-reduced,

the construction further functioning to thaw the radiator comparatively rapidly in case r the liquid therein should be'frozen.

Other objects of the invention are to pro-j;

vide an automobile radiatorwhich willbe simple in constructiomstrong, durable,- efficient and'reliable in use and which may bemanufacturedat loW cost,

' All of the foregoing and still-further objects and advantages of the invention Will be come apparent from a study of the following specification, taken in connection With the accompanying drawings wherein like characters of reference designatecorresponding parts throughout the several views," and wherein g Figure 1 is a View in front elevation of a 35 radiator in accordance with the present invention; o .7 Figure 2 1s a view 1n throughthe radiator.

vertical section F'gure 3 is a 'fragmentary view on an en 6 larged scale in horizontal section taken substantially on the line 33 of Figure 1.

Referring noW to the drawings in detail,

it will be seen that the reference numerall designates the forward portion or the frame of an automobile and2 designates a portion of the engine. ,Mounted on the frame 1 in. the usual manner are the front springs 3 to Whichthe axle f is connected. p The invention comprises a tank 5 of suitable size, shape and preferably of metal Which-is mounted in any suitable manner in Serial no; 57 ,400; r i I v the frame 1 forwardly of the engine 2; The tank 5 is enclosedin a covering 6 of heat in-' sulating material. Adjacent one end the tank 5 is provided with a-flll-ing .neck-"7*Which is i closed by a removable -cl'osure8. {Theref} 5 erence numeral 9 d'esigi1ates a drain cock for th'ejtank 5. *1; 7: Mounted on the tank 5 is a radiator des; ignated generallyby the reference humeral 10, saidradiator 10 comprising the upperand '60 lower tanks 11 and 12, respectively. fEX- tending betweenthe tanks 11 and 12 are the comparatively small tubes13'and the c oin paratively largediameter tubes 14. As'ib'est seen in Figure 2 of the drawings,the upper ends of the small tubes 13 are flushwith the bottom of the upper tank 11 While the large tubes 14 project above the bottomfofsaijd tank 11. A pipe 15", having a check valve--16; therein, depends from the loWer radiator tank; 12binto the tank 5 for returning the cooling liquid to said tank 5 from the radiator. The upper 'tankl'lof the radiator 10 isconnected to the head of the engine2 for receivingthe cooling liquid therefrom by-fa conduit '17;

The reference numeral 18 designates a vent forwardlyfrom'said engine 2; A conven tional fan 21 is fixed on the forward end por'f 1 tion of the shaft 19 and is-lo'cated adj acent-the rear of the radiator 1I0. 'A vertical pump" 35 shaft is designated 'by the reference numeral, 22 and extends rotatably' -downwardly into the tank 5 through thetop of's'aid tank '5} Theshaft 22 is journaled-in a bearing 23projvided therefor on the forward end of' the engine 2 andalso ina bearing provided there; r for on the forward end portion'o f the bracket 20. A Worm gear connecti0n'24operatively couples the pump shaft 22 to the fan shaft 19 for actuation thereby. The'f'an shaft'19 is drivenfrom thecrank shaft of the engine 2' by the usual belt and pulley connection, The pump 25 may be connected to the engine d v n gbr 1n anyother suitable manner any other suitable means.- 4

WILLIS 3'. SMITH, or orT-t IMwAQIowA 1 vto ing the cooling liquid from the tank to the 1 block.

In use, the liquid is impelled from the tank 5 through the engine block by the pump 25, as will be apparent. From the engine 2 v the liquid rises through the conduit 17 into the upper tank 11 of the radiator 10. From the upper tank 11 of the radiator the liquid normally flows through the small tubes '13 by gravity tothe lower radiator tank 12 and returns to the reservoir tank 5 through the pipe 15.- When the engine is not in operation the'liquid which is in said engine, and in the conduit 17 drains back through the conduit 26 and the pump into the reservoir 5 and, of course, the cooling liquid in the radiator 10 will also drain into the reservoir 5, Thus, no liquid is left in the radiator or engine to freeze. The liquid in themeervoir5 is protected against freezing by the insulating covering 6 and, if desired, a comparatively small quantity of anti-freeze liquidmay be mixed with the usual cooling liquid. Even should the liquid in'the reservoir 5 free no damage will result as-the reservoir 5 is constructed to withstand considerable pressure and in addition sufficient room is provided to permit expansion of the liquid. The check valve 16 prevents the circulation of air and the consequent loss of heat from said reservoir-5. 7

As before stated, the liquid normally flows from the upper radiator tank 11 tothe lower radiator tank 12 through the small tubes'13'. Should the liquid in said small tubes freeze and obstruct the same so that liquid cannot pass therethrough, the liquid will accumulate and'rise in the upper radiator tank ll'to the level of the topof the tubes 14 and flow downwardly through the large tubes .14. 7 Obviously, the liquid will not freeze in the large tubes 1 L as readily as it dies in'the small tubes l3. The presence in the large tubes 14 of unfrozen water at a higher tem- W 1l assist materiallyinthawing the frozen liquid in adjacent small tubes 18. It will be evident that operation of the'engine during such periods as there is frozen fluid in the small tubes will heat the fluidremaining in the system a ove normal temperature and this heated fluid passing through the large tubes 14; will quickly thawthe small tubes. Any desired number of the-large tubes 14 may be provided. If desired, the radiatormay be of'cellular cross section or of any other type. It is the variation in cross sec tion of the tubes which permits one to freeze while the. other does not.

While the radiator is intended particularly perature than the liquidin the small tubes 13 for use on automobiles, same obviously may be used on any other vehicles such as tractors 1 readily understood, and although the preferred embodiment of the invention is as illustrated and described,it is to be understood that changes in the details of construcrtion andin. the combination and arrangement'of parts may be resorted to which will fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.

'VVhat is claimed is 1. In an internal combustion engine cooling system including an enginewaterjacket and a radiator, an insulated reservoir supported below the'radiator, a gravity drain from the radiator to the reservoir, a pipe leading from the water jacket into the reservoir, a" second pipe. leading from the water jacket to the upper part'of the radiator, means for circulating water kept warm inthe reser voir through the first pipe, the water jacket, the second pipe-and into the upper part of the radiator for travel downward therein, and a tube of relatively large cross section extending vertically through the radiator and emptying into the reservoir for receiving and conveying warm water circulated to the upper part of the radiator and being heated thereby for thawing the radiator in case of freezingthereof. i j

2. In an internal combustionengine cool- 'ing systeminclu'ding a water jacket and a radiator having small water tubes, an insulatedreservoir supported at a level below the radiator, a gravitydrain leading from the radiator to the reservoir, 21 water jacket feeding pipe leading from the reservoirto the water jacket, a radiator feed pipe leading from'the water jacket to the upper partof the radiator, circulatingmeans for circulat ingwater kept warm in the reservoir through the water jacket feeding pipe, ,the water jacket, and the radiator feeding pipe into the upper part of theradiator, and a tube of relatively large cross section extending through the radiator from the upperpart thereof downwardly for thawing adjacent frozen water tubes of the radiator.

3. In aninternal combustionengine cooling system including a water jacket and a radiator, an insulated reservoir supported at -a level below the radiator, a gravity drain leading from the radiator to the reservoir, a water jacket feeding pipe leading from the reservoir to the water jacket, a radiator feed pipe leading from the water jacket to the upper part of the radiator, circulating means for circulating water kept warm in the reservoir through the waterjacket'feedingi'pipe, the water jacket, and I the radiator feeding pipe intothe upper part of the radiator," and a Warm water conveying pipe extending through the radiator from the upper part thereof downwardly for thawing adjacent reservoir to the water jacket, a radiator feedf pipe leading from the water jacket to the upper part of the radiator, circulating means for circulating water kept warm in the reservoir through the Water jacket feeding pipe, the Water jacket, and the radiator feeding pipe into the upper part of the radiator, and a pipe of relativelylarge cross section extending through the radiator from the upper part thereof downwardly for thawing adjacent frozen water containing elements of the radiator, said warm water conveying pipe being of relatively large cross section so that the water therein will not freeze readily, and check valve means in said drainifor preventing escape upwardly therethrough of air and heat from the reservoir.

5. A non-freezing cooling system for a Water jacket equipped internal combustlon engine comprising a radiator, water circulating means connecting the lower part of radiator to lower-part of water jacket and the upper part of radiator to upper part of water jacket, a pump for circulating the Water in radiator and water jacket, said radiator com? prising a plurality of spaced rows of vertic water tubes, a header on the upper ends of the plurality of tubes and communicating therewith, the upper end of said tubes being below the 'normal'water level in the header, other tubes having their upper ends elevated above said water level and vlocated between the rows of tubes, said other elevated tubes being of larger cross section to delay freezing of the water therein. beyond the freezing of water in the first tubes, so that upon obstruction of the first tubes'by freezing of the water therein at a lowtemperature the water level in theheader will be raised above its normal level bythe continued circulation of water by" the pump through the water jacket and rise to the level of the upper ends of the said other elevated tubes and the waterwill flow downwardly through the elevated tubes and thaw. adjacent frozen and obstructed first tubes.- v p WILLIS'J. SMITH. 

